Caspian Sea: Environmental controls and trophic webs interactions

Gelatinous zooplankton (GZ) populations are sensitive to climate change such as environmental perturbations, and spatial changes in their abundance biomass may be associated with degraded biota conditions. Big data time series of GZ abundances were used analyze the annual population dynamics gelatinous well mesozooplankton southern Caspian Sea, Iran from 1996, 2001-2006, 2008-2013 2018-2019. The ctenophore, Mnemiopsis leidyi control by factors was primarily a result decreasing concentration resulted lower reproduction temperature which highest August-September lowest winter time. On other hand, maximum catch Kilka on whole coast equivalent 95,000 tons year after that it severely reduced 15,000 2003 afterward. Key words: zooplankton, biomass, temperature, Sea.